Answer the following questions to describe your code submission. Please keep
all lines to a maximum of 80 characters wide.

1 - Your implementation must send an array of bytes to the server. Explain the
    meaning of these bytes and how the server interprets them.

    The bytes we send form a complete DNS request, which is hardcoded. The first
    12 bytes make up the DNS header, which includes a transaction ID, flags, and
    counts of questions, answers, authority, and additional records. After the
    header, we include the question section, which specifies the domain name
    (which is a 0 length label which mean root server), the record type (A = IPv4),
    and the class (IN = Internet). The server interprets these bytes as a query
    asking for the IPv4 address of the root domain, and responds with the A
    record containing the IP address of one of the root servers a.root-servers.net.
    or b.root-servers.net.


2 - Show (in pseudocode) how you set up your socket to send your message,
    including a description of how you specified the address and port number.
    What would you have to change to send an HTTP message (which uses TCP) to
    a server?

    const char *hostname = "127.0.0.1";
    const char *port = get_port ();

    struct addrinfo *server_list
      = get_server_list (hostname, port, false, false);

    int sockfd = socket (server_list->ai_family, server_list->ai_socktype, 0);

    We do this to specify the hostname and port.
    To send an HTTP message to a server we would hardcode the port to be 80
    and create the socket using SOCK_STREAM. We would have to call connect() to
    establish the TCP handshake and then use send() to send the query and recv()
    to get the response.